Level 3 - Lesson 10
This lesson uses classroom choices to practice 把 (bǎ), 只要 (zhǐ yào), 为了 (wèile), and 应该 (yīnggāi), while recognizing 被 (bèi) and other 只 (zhǐ) limit words in short classroom phrases.
Contains 3 words
object marker; to hold or handle
should; ought to; be time to
should; ought to
Contains 2 words
passive marker; by
Contains 3 words
only; only have
Contains 3 words
as long as; if only
应该把书给老师。
Yīnggāi bǎ shū gěi lǎoshī.
You should give the book to the teacher.
你该学习了。
Nǐ gāi xuéxí le.
It is time for you to study.
手机会被别人看见吗？
Shǒujī huì bèi biérén kànjiàn ma?
Will the phone be seen by other people?
手机会影响学习。
Shǒujī huì yǐngxiǎng xuéxí.
A phone can affect studying.
只有老师才可以看。
Zhǐyǒu lǎoshī cái kěyǐ kàn.
Situation: Two classmates make a concrete plan to finish the necessary pages and return their teacher's book by the stated deadline.
白家月
Bai Jiayue
老师的书还在我这儿，今天应该还给他吗？
The teacher's book is still with me. Should I return it to him today?
把 sentences with result complement
Use subject + 把 (bǎ) + object + verb + result complement when a definite object is acted on and reaches a clear result.
Object first, then its achieved result
The predicate after the object states the action and the result reached by that object.
to affect; influence
can only
just; merely; only
for; for the sake of
in order to; for the purpose of
手机里，写给你的，我写了又写
On my phone, what I wrote for you—I write it again and again.
你一次都没有看见
You have not seen it even once.
第一次写得太少，第二次写得太多
The first time I wrote too little; the second time, too much.
每次快写完，我又写一次
Every time I am close to finishing, I write it one more time.
说是写给你——怎么只有我看？
I say it is written for you—then how come only I see it?
我为你写，只给自己看
I write for you; I only let myself see it.
只有你可以看，我又怕你看
Only you may see it, and I am afraid of you seeing it.
应该把它写完，还是给你看？
Should I finish writing it, or let you see it?
不给你看，写完，就真的完了吗？
If I do not let you see it, once it is written, is it really finished?
你还没看，我已经在想：你会怎么想？
You still have not seen it; I am already thinking: what will you think?
会不会不高兴？会不会难过？
Will you be unhappy? Will you be sad?
你一个字也没有说，已经影响我怎么写
You have not said a single word, yet you have already affected how I write.
我想写你喜欢听的
I want to write what you like to hear.
又怕那不是我
And I am afraid that is not me.
我不想写你不喜欢听的
I do not want to write what you do not like to hear.
又怕那才是我
And I am afraid that is me.
我写得越多，给你的越少
The more I write, the less I give you.
越想让你了解，越不让你看到
The more I want you to understand, the more I keep you from seeing.
我说我写的是真的，怎么一直问“好不好”？
I say what I wrote is true—why do I keep asking, “Is it good?”
我不是不知道怎么写
It is not that I do not know how to write.
我是怕你知道我怎么想
I am afraid you will know what I think.
我为你写，只给自己看
I write for you; I only let myself see it.
只有你可以看，我又怕你看
Only you may see it, and I am afraid of you seeing it.
应该把它写完，还是给你看？
Should I finish writing it, or let you see it?
不给你看，写完，就真的完了吗？
If I do not let you see it, once it is written, is it really finished?
我总说：我写的不能被别人看见
I always say: what I wrote cannot be seen by other people.
但是别人为什么重要？
But why do other people matter?
为了不让别人看，我一直没有给你看
In order not to let other people see it, I have never let you see it.
现在我才问：我怕的真是别人吗？
Only now do I ask: is it really other people I am afraid of?
为你写——说得好听
Written for you—sounds nice.
只给自己看——做得难看
Only letting myself see it—looks ugly.
我只能再写一次
I can only write it one more time.
还是该让你看一次？
Or is it time to let you see it once?
不写完，我可以说“不是时候”
If I do not finish, I can say, “It is not time.”
写完不给你看，只是我自己知道
If I finish and do not show you, only I know.
给你看，你知道了，就不能不知道
If I show you, once you know, you cannot not know.
哪一个更真？我还是不知道
Which one is more true? I still do not know.
只要你没有看见
As long as you have not seen it,
我就还能说：还没写完
I can still say: it is not finished.
只要还没写完
As long as it is not finished,
我就不用说：我怕你看
I do not have to say: I am afraid of you seeing it.
不是为了你
It is not for you.
只是为了我
It is only for me.
我为你写，只给自己看
I write for you; I only let myself see it.
只有你可以看，我又怕你看
Only you may see it, and I am afraid of you seeing it.
应该把它写完——我已经写完
I should finish writing it—I have already finished.
现在该给你看了
Now it is time to let you see it.
但是我的手还没有动
But my hand still has not moved.
但是我的手还没有动
But my hand still has not moved.
手机还在我手里
The phone is still in my hand.
你还是没有看见
You still have not seen it.
里面写的是真的
What is written inside is true.
不给你看——我真的告诉你了吗？
If I do not let you see it—have I really told you?
Only the teacher may see it.
只能晚上学吗？
Zhǐ néng wǎnshang xué ma?
Can you only study in the evening?
只是今天晚上。
Zhǐ shì jīntiān wǎnshang.
It is only tonight.
只要你来，就可以开始。
Zhǐ yào nǐ lái, jiù kěyǐ kāishǐ.
As long as you come, we can start.
为工作学习中文。
Wèi gōngzuò xuéxí Zhōngwén.
Study Chinese for work.
为了工作，也为了和朋友说话。
Wèile gōngzuò, yě wèile hé péngyou shuōhuà.
For work, and also to talk with friends.
王一雪
Wang Yixue
应该。老师说今天下课前要还。
Yes. The teacher said it must be returned before class ends today.
白家月
Bai Jiayue
我还有一点没看完。
I still have a little left to read.
王一雪
Wang Yixue
你现在把书看完，然后我去还给老师。
Finish reading the book now, and then I'll return it to the teacher.
Situation: A teacher sees a student using a phone during class and directly asks for it; two classmates discuss the instruction and its reason.
刘明
Liu Ming
刚才我玩手机，被老师看见了。
The teacher saw me using my phone just now.
刘小雪
Liu Xiaoxue
他让你把手机给他吗？
Did he tell you to give him the phone?
刘明
Liu Ming
对，他说手机会影响学习。
Yes. He said phones can affect studying.
刘小雪
Liu Xiaoxue
那就给他吧，下课再拿回来。
Then give it to him and get it back after class.
Situation: One classmate knows that Annie studies Chinese for work and asks how she finds study time around that same work schedule.
白家月
Bai Jiayue
你为了工作学习中文，但是工作这么忙，什么时候学？
You study Chinese for work, but work is so busy. When do you study?
安妮
Annie
白天要工作，只能晚上学。
I have to work during the day, so I can only study in the evening.
白家月
Bai Jiayue
周末也只能晚上学吗？
Can you only study in the evening on weekends too?
安妮
Annie
周末白天也能学，只是平时只能晚上学。
I can study during the day on weekends; it is only on ordinary days that I can only study in the evening.
Situation: Two students need a classroom for tomorrow's activity and assign the request and follow-up announcement.
王一雪
Wang Yixue
明天的活动还没有教室。我们能去哪儿？
Tomorrow's activity still doesn't have a classroom. Where can we go?
刘小雪
Liu Xiaoxue
只要老师同意，我们就能去一楼的教室。
As long as the teacher agrees, we can go to the first-floor classroom.
王一雪
Wang Yixue
那谁应该去问老师？
Then who should go ask the teacher?
刘小雪
Liu Xiaoxue
我去。老师同意以后，我就告诉大家在哪个教室。
I'll go. After the teacher agrees, I'll tell everyone which classroom it is.
The action-result unit 看完 (kàn wán) must stay together after the 把 (bǎ) object.
把书 (bǎ shū) identifies the affected object; 看完 (kàn wán) gives the action and its completion result.
应该把书看完。
You should finish reading the book.
This existing receiver pattern shows a destination-like outcome, but the lesson's productive core is the clearer action + result-complement form above.
应该把手机给老师。
You should give the phone to the teacher.
应该把书看完。
You should finish reading the book.
Dialogue 01: Return It Before Class Ends, Turn 4
Finish the necessary pages before returning the book
你现在把书看完，然后我去还给老师。
Finish reading the book now, and then I'll return it to the teacher.
Dialogue 02: The Teacher Saw the Phone, Turn 2
Ask about handing over the phone
他让你把手机给他吗？
Did he tell you to give him the phone?
A 把 (bǎ) sentence moves a definite, already identifiable object before the action because the sentence is about what happens to that object. In this assigned subtype, the predicate must show a result: subject + 把 (bǎ) + object + action verb + result complement. 应该把书看完 (yīnggāi bǎ shū kàn wán) identifies the book and says the reading reaches completion; 看 (kàn) is the action and 完 (wán) is its result complement. A bare, open-ended action is normally too weak for this pattern. The result may express completion, a new state, a destination, or another clear outcome, but the learner must be able to answer ‘What became true of the object?’
只要…就 for "as long as"
Use 只要…就 (zhǐ yào…jiù) when one condition is enough for the result to follow.
Say the condition that is enough
Use 只要...就 (zhǐ yào...jiù) when one condition is enough for the result.
In 只要你来，就可以开始 (zhǐ yào nǐ lái, jiù kěyǐ kāishǐ), the classmate's coming is enough for the activity to start.
只要你来 (zhǐ yào nǐ lái) gives the condition; 就可以开始 (jiù kěyǐ kāishǐ) gives the result.
只要你来，就可以开始。
As long as you come, we can start.
有时间 (yǒu shíjiān) is the sufficient condition; 我就来 (wǒ jiù lái) is the result.
只要有时间，我就来。
As long as I have time, I will come.
只要你来，就可以开始。
As long as you come, we can start.
只要有时间，我就来。
As long as I have time, I will come.
如果有时间，我就来。
If I have time, I will come.
Dialogue 04: Ask for a Classroom, Turn 2
Teacher approval is enough
只要老师同意，我们就能去一楼的教室。
As long as the teacher agrees, we can go to the first-floor classroom.
Put 只要 (zhǐ yào) before the sufficient condition and 就 (jiù) before its result. 只要有时间，我就来 (zhǐ yào yǒu shíjiān, wǒ jiù lái) says that having time is all that is needed for the speaker to come. Compare 如果有时间，我就来 (rúguǒ yǒu shíjiān, wǒ jiù lái), which gives a neutral ‘if’ condition; 只要…就 (zhǐ yào…jiù) emphasizes that the stated condition is enough.
为了 for purpose
Use 为了 (wèile) before a goal or reason to explain why someone does an action.
Give the purpose first
Use 为了 (wèile) before the goal or reason for an action.
In 为了工作学习中文 (wèile gōngzuò xuéxí Zhōngwén), 为了工作 (wèile gōngzuò) gives the reason for studying Chinese.
Repeating 为了 (wèile) lets the speaker give two reasons.
为了工作，也为了和朋友说话。
For work, and also to talk with friends.
为了工作学习中文。
Study Chinese for work.
Dialogue 03: When Can You Study?, Turn 1
Connect the purpose to the scheduling question
你为了工作学习中文，但是工作这么忙，什么时候学？
You study Chinese for work, but work is so busy. When do you study?
为了 (wèile) introduces a purpose. In 为了工作，也为了和朋友说话 (wèile gōngzuò, yě wèile hé péngyou shuōhuà), the speaker gives two reasons for studying Chinese: work and talking with friends.
应该/该 for "should"
Put 应该 (yīnggāi) or the shorter 该 (gāi) before an action to say it is expected, appropriate, or now due.
Say what should happen
Use 应该 (yīnggāi) before the action that is expected or right.
In 我们应该好好学习 (wǒmen yīnggāi hǎohǎo xuéxí), 应该 (yīnggāi) points to the action the group should do.
应该 (yīnggāi) points to the expected action.
我们应该好好学习。
We should study properly.
该 (gāi) is the shorter should-form; final 了 (le) shows that the time for the action has now arrived.
你该学习了。
It is time for you to study.
你应该把书看完。
You should finish reading the book.
你该学习了。
It is time for you to study.
Dialogue 04: Ask for a Classroom, Turn 3
Assign the approval request
那谁应该去问老师？
Then who should go ask the teacher?
应该 (yīnggāi) is the neutral full form for saying what is expected or appropriate: 我们应该好好学习 (wǒmen yīnggāi hǎohǎo xuéxí), ‘We should study properly.’ 该 (gāi) is a shorter, conversational form before the action. It often appears with final 了 (le) when the time for that action has arrived: 你该学习了 (nǐ gāi xuéxí le), ‘It is time for you to study.’ At this level, use 应该 (yīnggāi) for neutral advice and recognize or use 该…了 (gāi…le) for an action that is now due.
